What Is a Colonial home?

When it comes to architecture, few styles and types of houses exude the timeless charm and simple elegance quite like the colonial design. Rooted in history and desired by homeowners for centuries, colonial-style homes are an instantly recognizable part of American architecture. This enduring aesthetic — marked by its symmetry and functionality — reflects a blend of tradition, practicality and cultural influences dating back to the beginnings of our nation.

Origins and evolution of Colonial homes

The colonial style originated in the early days of America's history, emerging under the influence of British colonists in the 1600s and 1700s. While it first appeared in the United States during a period of colonial rule, its popularity has continued to flourish to this day. 

From the historical architectural style introduced by British settlers in New England to the Colonial Revival movement of the 20th century, the term "colonial" has become synonymous with enduring design. 

However, the term encompasses more than a singular architectural template. It embraces a diverse range of styles that reflect the cultural melting pot of early American settlers. 

What makes a Colonial home?

At the heart of the colonial style is a commitment to simplicity and symmetry. Colonial-style homes are known for their plain exteriors, minimal embellishments, and rectangular, symmetrical shapes. They’re often constructed using wood, brick, or stone, depending on the region and time period. Central doors, symmetrical front entrance columns, double sash windows and decorative window shutters are some of the hallmarks of colonial homes. These homes typically span two to three stories and are distinguished by their steeply pitched roofs and central chimneys.

Inside a colonial-style home, you'll find a grand entrance hall, polished wood floors, and carefully crafted millwork. Fireplaces serve as focal points, bridging the gap between aesthetics and functionality. While early colonial style was characterized by simplicity and rusticity, later variations embraced more ornate elements. Furniture evolved from handmade wooden pieces to include cabriole chairs and claw-foot tables.

Colonial-style decor trades on stately elegance, often featuring wood beam architecture, wood tones, and muted color palettes. Interior shutters, draperies, and valances frame windows.

European influences might introduce velvets, damasks, and brocades. The iconic 17th-century French-style toile wallpaper often adorns walls, adding pastoral scenes and patterns to the living spaces.

What are the different types of colonial houses?

The colonial style is not a monolithic entity. It encompasses a rich tapestry of sub-styles, each with its own unique characteristics:

• Saltbox-style homes: Rooted in early American history, saltbox-style homes evoke the resourcefulness of settlers adapting to their new environment. These homes feature steeply pitched, asymmetrical roofs that resemble the shape of a saltbox container. Clapboard siding often adorns the exterior. The hallmark of a saltbox home is its central chimney, which provides efficient heating throughout the house. This design flourished in the 17th and 18th centuries and remains a symbol of colonial heritage.
• Georgian: The Georgian style epitomizes symmetry, proportions, and timeless elegance. Inspired by classical architecture, Georgian homes boast perfectly balanced facades, square or rectangular shapes and uniform window placement. A central entrance is flanked by evenly spaced windows, while two chimneys grace each side of the roof. Pilasters, ornamental cornices, and molding adorn the front door, reflecting a sense of grandeur. The roots of this style flourished from 1714 to 1830 during the reigns of Britain’s four King Georges.
• Cape Cod: Originating in Massachusetts, Cape Cod homes epitomize simplicity and functionality. Built from 1690 to 1850, these homes adapted English half-timber hall and parlor houses to New England's climate. With a boxy silhouette and steep roof, Cape Cod homes feature a central door and symmetrical windows. Their charm lies in their unpretentious design, reflecting the practical needs of early colonists.
• French Colonial: In the American Southeast, you’ll encounter the French Colonial style, prevalent in regions like Louisiana. Characterized by square, symmetrical styling, steeply pitched roofs and expansive wrap-around porches on both levels, French Colonials exude a sense of hospitality. French-style double doors welcome guests, and tall, slender windows aid cross ventilation, catering to the warmer climate.
• Spanish Colonial: In the American Southeast, Southwest and California, Spanish Colonial homes embrace rustic allure. White stucco walls, red clay roof tiles, and wooden beams define their exterior. Interior or exterior courtyards are common, reflecting the Spanish influence. These homes often feature central courtyards, allowing for cross ventilation and serene outdoor spaces.
• Dutch Colonial: Dutch Colonial homes bear a distinctive gambrel roof, symmetrical and sloping on each side. Their wide profiles feature roofs with extended eaves, resembling barns. Constructed with stone or brick, they feature wooden doors and window shutters. A chimney graces one or both ends, while historical variations included porches on both sides. This style thrived in the 1700s, leaving an indelible mark on the American Northeast.

The pros and cons of owning a Colonial home

The allure of colonial-style homes lies in their timeless appeal, spacious rooms, and classic design. Their straightforward layouts make them easy to decorate, whether with modern or period furniture. However, these homes may not be ideal for everyone.

Pros of colonial-style houses

Colonial homes are popular for a reason. Here are some of the factors buyers consider when buying a colonial-style house:

• Classic timelessness and high resale value: The enduring design of colonial homes—with their symmetrical facades and balanced proportions — holds a universal appeal. This classic charm not only resonates with current homeowners but also promises high resale value. They’re a solid investment in the long run. (Find out how much your house is worth here.)
• Spacious and easy to decorate: Colonial homes typically boast spacious layouts that lend themselves to effortless decorating. The simplicity of design makes it a canvas for your creativity, enabling you to imbue your personal style and preferences into each room.
• Multiple stories and cozy elements: With typically two or three stories, colonial homes offer a sense of verticality that enhances space utilization. Furthermore, these houses often feature cozy elements such as fireplaces and intricate woodwork, adding warmth and character to your living spaces.

Cons of colonial-style houses

• Absence of high ceilings and open floor plans: While colonial homes exude charm, their design might not cater to those seeking high ceilings or open floor plans. The emphasis on symmetry and tradition can limit the sense of airiness that modern open layouts provide.
• Mobility challenges: The multi-story layout that characterizes colonial homes can pose challenges for individuals with mobility issues. Navigating stairs might become cumbersome, especially in cases where bedrooms are located on upper floors.
• Maintenance of historic elements: Original colonial homes, especially those with wood foundations and roofs, may require specialized maintenance to ensure their stability. Preserving these historic elements demands careful attention and investment in upkeep. Furthermore, older homes may not be as energy-efficient as newer houses, which can lead to sky-high utility bills — or expensive renovations.
• Potential price tag: Historic homes, which embody the essence of a bygone era, can come with a premium price tag. The allure of owning a piece of history is reflected in the cost, which might be a consideration for budget-conscious buyers.

Should you buy a Colonial home?

The history of colonial-style homes is a journey through time, reflecting the evolution of architectural tastes, needs, and influences. From the original timber-framed houses of British settlers to the Colonial Revival movement and the subsequent waves of Neo-Colonial variations, these homes have remained a constant presence in the American architectural landscape. 

While adaptations have taken place to suit changing climates and contemporary preferences, the core essence of colonial style, marked by symmetry, practicality, and elegance, continues to captivate homeowners, designers, and architectural enthusiasts alike. 

FAQs

Here’s more information about colonial homes. 

Where do you find Colonial homes?

Colonial homes can be found in various regions across the United States. They are most commonly associated with the northeastern states, such as Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Virginia, where historical settlements were established during the colonial era. However, Colonial-style homes can also be found in other parts of the country, as they gained popularity and spread throughout different regions over time.

How much are Colonial homes?

The price of Colonial homes can vary significantly depending on factors such as location, size, condition, and market conditions. Colonial homes that are well-preserved and located in sought-after historic districts or upscale neighborhoods tend to have higher price tags. On average, a Colonial-style home can range from several hundred thousand dollars to several million dollars, with prices varying greatly depending on the specific property and its features.

Are there different types of Colonial houses?

These styles include saltbox, Georgian, Cape Cod, French Colonial, Spanish Colonial and Dutch Colonial, among others. Each style paints a unique picture of the historical and cultural influences that have shaped their architectural identity.