How much does it cost to install central air?

When I moved from my lifelong home of Phoenix, Arizona to Boston, Massachusetts, the first thing I did was look for the thermostat in my new apartment. It was a sweltering Boston summer — 90 degrees with 70% humidity and I wanted to crank the A/C.

When I couldn’t find it, I asked my super for help. He told me that my building didn’t have A/C. I was shocked — every home in Phoenix had central air; I couldn’t imagine a summer without it.

Had my landlords wanted to install central air, this guide would have provided them with all the information they needed to make an informed decision. If you’re wondering how much it costs to install central air (and if it’s worth the cost), read on to find out.

How does central air conditioning work?

Central air conditioning works by using a system of ducts to distribute cooled air throughout a home. 

To do so, it uses three main components: an outdoor unit containing a compressor and condenser coil, an indoor unit containing an evaporator coil, and a network of ducts that carry the cooled air. 

The compressor circulates refrigerant between the indoor and outdoor units, absorbing heat from indoor air and releasing it outside. The cooled air is then distributed through the ducts and vents, providing consistent cooling throughout the house.

Types of central air conditioning

Not all air conditioning units work the same way. Here are the three main varieties:

• Split systems: The most common type, with an outdoor unit and an indoor unit connected by refrigerant lines and ductwork.
• Packaged systems: Suitable for smaller spaces or homes without available indoor space, all components of a packaged system are housed in a single outdoor unit.
• Ductless mini-split systems: Ideal for homes without existing ductwork, these systems consist of an outdoor unit connected to one or more indoor units, allowing for zoned cooling without ducts. It’s technically not considered central A/C because this system requires a unit in each room; however, it is sometimes lumped in with central air because it does not require a window unit.

Each variety of central air has its own advantages and considerations. The best system for your home will depend on factors like the size of your home, existing infrastructure, and personal preferences. Consult an HVAC professional to help determine the most suitable option for your needs.

What factors determine air conditioning (AC) installation costs?

The total cost of AC installation can vary greatly by a few thousand dollars based on how big it is, how you install it, and whether or not you need to do ductwork.

System size

The size of the AC unit needed to adequately cool your space is a significant factor. It is determined by factors such as the square footage of the area, insulation levels, ceiling height, and local climate. Larger units generally cost more to install.

Ductwork requirements

If your property already has existing ductwork — a system of pipes or channels that are designed to distribute air, heat, or ventilation throughout a building — in good condition, it may require minimal modifications or cleaning before installing the new AC system. However, if there is no existing ductwork or the current system needs significant repairs or replacement, additional costs for ductwork installation or modifications will be incurred.

The cost of ductwork will depend on the layout of your home. New constructions, open basements, attics, and additions will be less expensive because they are easier to access. While existing homes that require heavy modifications and retrofitting will be more expensive. The standard ductwork installation costs between $3,000 and $7,500, but larger huge homes, or homes that require extra modification, can cost $15,000 or more.

Energy efficiency

Higher-efficiency AC systems with advanced features, such as variable-speed compressors or smart thermostats, tend to have a higher upfront cost but can be worth it in the long run. Selecting an energy-efficient model may cost more immediately, but you may be able to recoup that cost both in utility bill savings and in resale value. In a recent survey of Orchard renovation leads and real estate agents, energy-efficient upgrades (like a smart thermostat) were identified as high ROI options. Homeowners may even be able to take advantage of residential energy tax credits.

Complexity of installation

The complexity of the installation process can affect the cost. Factors like accessibility to the installation area, the need for electrical or structural modifications, or challenges related to the property's layout can increase the labor and material costs.

Additional components and upgrades

Additional components like air handlers, thermostats, air purifiers, or zoning systems may be required or desired for optimal comfort and indoor air quality. These additions will contribute to the overall installation cost.

Local labor and material costs

The cost of labor and materials can vary depending on your location. Factors like local market rates, contractor expertise, and demand-supply dynamics can influence the installation costs.

It's important to consult with HVAC professionals to assess your specific requirements and obtain accurate cost estimates. They can evaluate your property, consider these factors, and provide you with a detailed breakdown of the installation costs for your air conditioning system.

Advantages and disadvantages of installing central air

Installing central air is a huge undertaking. Carefully weigh the pros and cons before making your decision:

Is getting central air worth it?

Installing central air conditioning can be worth it depending on your specific circumstances. If you live in a hot and humid climate (like these states), central air can provide consistent and efficient cooling throughout your entire home, ensuring comfort through any heat wave. For others, the peace of mind that they aren’t reliant on a loud, inefficient window unit at the peak of summer may be motivation enough.

It can also increase the value of your property and make it more appealing to potential buyers if you plan to sell in the future. Additionally, newer central air systems are often more energy-efficient, which can lead to cost savings on utility bills and reduce your environmental footprint.

However, the upfront cost of installation should be considered alongside the long-term benefits and potential energy savings. Consult with HVAC professionals to evaluate your specific needs, budget, and the feasibility of installing central air conditioning in your home.

Tips to save money on central air

1. Obtain multiple quotes: Request quotes from several reputable HVAC contractors to compare prices and services. This will give you a better understanding of the average cost in your area and help you identify competitive offers.
2. Optimize energy efficiency: Choose an energy-efficient central air system with a high SEER (Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio) rating. While it may have a higher upfront cost, it can save you money in the long run through reduced energy consumption and lower utility bills.
3. Utilize existing ductwork: If you have existing ductwork in your home that is in good condition, consider reusing it instead of installing new ducts. This can significantly lower installation costs. However, ensure that the ductwork is properly inspected and cleaned before reusing it.
4. Consider zoning systems: Zoning systems allow you to control the cooling in different areas of your home independently. This can help optimize energy usage and reduce operating costs by only cooling occupied areas. While it may have an additional upfront cost, it can provide long-term savings.
5. Take advantage of rebates and incentives: Research and inquire about available rebates, tax credits, or incentives offered by utility companies or government programs for installing energy-efficient central air systems. These financial incentives can help offset installation costs and make the investment more affordable.

Remember, while it's essential to save money, it's equally important to prioritize quality installation and equipment to ensure long-term performance and efficiency.

Central air FAQs

Here’s what else to know about installing central air in your home.

Is it more cost-effective to install a central air system or opt for ductless mini-split systems?

The cost-effectiveness of installing a central air system versus ductless mini-split systems depends on factors like the layout of the home, specific cooling needs, and budget considerations.

Central air systems, which utilize ductwork, are typically more expensive to install initially, especially if the house doesn't have existing ductwork. However, they can provide consistent cooling and heating throughout the entire house and may be more efficient in terms of energy consumption.

On the other hand, ductless mini-split systems are generally easier and less expensive to install since they don't require ductwork. They’re ideal for cooling or heating specific zones or rooms in a house independently, allowing for more precise temperature control and potentially reducing energy waste. But may be less effective for whole house cooling.

Are there any additional costs involved besides the installation itself?

Besides installation, additional costs may include ductwork modifications, thermostat upgrades, permits, and potential repairs or upgrades to electrical systems.

Can I expect any energy efficiency savings or reduced utility costs with central air conditioning?

Central air conditioning can result in energy efficiency savings and reduced utility costs, especially when replacing outdated or inefficient cooling systems, but actual savings depend on factors such as energy usage, system efficiency, and local utility rates.

How much does it cost to install central air with no existing ductwork?

The cost to install central air conditioning without existing ductwork can vary depending on several factors, such as the size of the home, the desired cooling capacity, and the complexity of the installation. On average, you can expect to spend between $10,000 and $15,000 for a complete installation that includes ductwork. However, if there is no existing ductwork, alternative options like ductless mini-split systems may be considered, which can have a different cost range. It is recommended to consult with HVAC professionals to get accurate cost estimates based on your specific requirements.